Wearable Partial Task Surgical Simulator

ABSTRACT

A wearable device for simulating wounds and injuries received during a trauma event includes a raiment and vest for covering the torso of a person. The raiment has an outer surface with a color and a texture comparable to human skin. Mounted on the outer surface is at least one wound simulator formed with an orifice that is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir. Thus, the person can selectively expel a blood-like fluid from the reservoir, and through the wound simulator orifice, to simulate a trauma event. The vest includes an artificial rib cage and prosthetic internal organs juxtaposed with at least one wound simulator to simulate internal effects of a trauma event.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of, and claims the benefit of priority to, the United States Utility patent application for “Wearable Partial Task Simulator”, Ser. No. 14/943,099, filed on Nov. 17, 2015, and currently pending, which is a divisional of, and claims the benefit of priority to, the United States Utility patent application for “Wearable Partial Task Simulator”, Ser. No. 14/494,490, filed on Sep. 23, 2014, and currently issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,336,693 on May 5, 2016, which is a divisional of, and claims the benefit of priority to, the United States Utility patent application for “Wearable Partial Task Simulator”, Ser. No. 12/803,609, filed on Jun. 30, 2010, and currently issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,840,403 on Sep. 23, 2014.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains generally to devices and methods for use in simulating the injurious effects of a traumatic event on a person. More particularly, the present invention pertains to devices and methods for simulating the wounds and injuries that a person may receive during such an event. The present invention is particularly, but not exclusively, useful as a training aid for providing realistic-looking medical effects to first responders, in a dynamic presentation, when practicing first aid on a person who has experienced trauma.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

As is well known, and widely accepted, partial task simulators and training aids can be very effective for teaching individuals how to perform a wide variety of different tasks. More specifically, they can be extremely helpful for teaching an individual how to perform certain medical procedures. In this context, and of particular importance for the present invention, are those medical procedures that are required for response to a life-threatening, emergency situation. The import here is two-fold. Firstly, the partial task simulator should effectively augment the educational background that is necessary to assess an emergency situation. Secondly, it should serve as a tool with which a person can learn how to respond to an emergency situation by properly performing essential life-saving tasks. The efficacy of any partial task simulator or training aid, however, is dependent on the realism it provides and its ability to simulate or mimic an environment where the task is to be actually performed.

With the above in mind, a catastrophic event presents a situation wherein the proper training of emergency medical personnel can be invaluable. Regardless whether the event is the result of an accident, a natural disaster or some form of combat, the consequence of a first response to the event may make the difference between life and death. In such instances, the ability of medical personnel to rapidly and reliably attend to wounds and injuries is of crucial importance. Practice on partial task simulators such as medical mannequins, while valuable as teaching aids, are limited by the mannequin's immobility, weight, expense and minimal interaction with the medical personnel.

In light of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for realistically and dynamically simulating the wounds and injuries on a person (e.g., role player, actor) that can be received during a traumatic event. Another object of the present invention is to provide a device that effectively functions as a training aid to teach a person how to treat the wounds and injuries that can be received by a person during a traumatic event. Another object of the present invention is to provide a device that effectively functions as a training aid that allows verbal and gesticular interaction between a live human wearing the device and a first responder who is treating the person wearing the device. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a training aid for teaching how to treat wounds and injuries that is easy to use, is simple to manufacture and is comparatively cost effective.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, a partial task surgical simulator (training aid device) is provided for simulating the wounds and injuries on a role player, actor or model that could be received by a person during a trauma event. Specifically, the device includes a raiment fitting over strapped vests that are dimensioned to cover the torso of a person and therefore be worn by a person in a simulation. Further, the raiment can extend over the person's shoulders and upper arms, as well as over his/her groin area and upper thighs. Structurally, the raiment is made primarily of silicone and nylon fiber, and it is formed as a layer having an inner surface and an outer surface, with the outer surface having a color and a texture that is comparable to human skin. The vest is designed to fit under the raiment and on the torso of a body. Structurally, the vest is made primarily of silicone, nylon fiber, plastic and rubber materials, and it is formed as a shield portion covering the front and side of the torso held in place by straps. The vest provides a protective layer between the raiment and the model or actor. The vest is further designed to provide a detail of the internal structure of a human body, such as the rib cage and internal organs. The vest forms a cavity generally under and below the rib cage in which such prosthetic internal organs can be placed. The importance of the invention is that the simulator presents first responders with realistic-looking, dynamic medical effects that can simulate and mimic a plurality of different wounds and injuries.

As part of the presentation for simulating a trauma event, the device of the present invention comprises a wound simulator that can be selectively attached to the outer surface of the raiment. The wound simulator can then simulate either surface or penetrating wounds and injuries. For example, the wound simulator can be used to simulate surface injuries such as burns, scrapes, abrasions, or the effects of chemical, biological or nuclear agents, or the result of internal injuries from punctures and other injuries. Additionally, the wound simulator can be used to simulate penetrating injuries such as high and low velocity missile wounds caused by gunshot, shrapnel, and blunt/sharp object penetration.

In order to provide added realism for the simulation of penetrating wounds, the raiment is formed with at least one orifice on its outer surface. Further, the raiment includes at least one fluid reservoir that is formed into the layer of the raiment, between its inner and outer surfaces. Specifically, the reservoir is provided for holding a blood-like fluid, and it is connected in fluid communication with the orifice. Thus, the person who is wearing the raiment can selectively expel the blood-like fluid from the reservoir and through the orifice, merely by squeezing the reservoir, to simulate bleeding. Depending on the particularly desired presentation, a wound simulator may be juxtaposed with the orifice to simulate bleeding from the wound.

In addition to the outward appearances of traumatic wounds and injuries mentioned above, the present invention also employs prosthetics to mimic certain internal organs and anatomical structures that may be affected by the trauma event. These prostheses are made of composite materials such as open or closed cell polyurethane foam of various densities, elasticity, and deformation characteristics to simulate internal organs. Specifically, these prostheses can be used to mimic torso injuries (e.g., abdominal, upper torso; as well as other injuries, such as thorax wounds/injuries).

For the simulation of penetrating wounds, the present invention includes access through the raiment, such as through an orifice, to internal organs within the cavity of the vest. Further, the orifice, wound simulators, reservoirs and internal organs are positioned and juxtaposed to simulate various injury scenarios, which may be selectively done. For example, the organs may include a predetermined length of flexible tubing that is comparable in appearance and texture to intestines. When used, this pseudo intestine is positioned between the vest and the inner surface of the raiment. Further, a portion of the pseudo intestine can be juxtaposed with at least one orifice in the raiment for use in simulating the penetrating abdominal wound within the torso cavity. Similar simulations can be used for various upper torso injuries (e.g., lungs, heart, kidneys, stomach, etc.).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The novel features of this invention, as well as the invention itself, both as to its structure and its operation, will be best understood from the accompanying drawings, taken in conjunction with the accompanying description, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a front view of a raiment in accordance with the present invention mounted on a human body;

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a vest in accordance with the present invention mounted on a human body;

FIG. 2B is a front view of a vest in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2C is a side view of a vest in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the simulator of the present invention with cut away views to show internal features of the raiment;

FIG. 3B is a cross sectional view seen along line 2-2 in FIG. 3A;

FIG. 4 is side view of a simulator in accordance with the present invention mounted on a human body with a cut away view of the vest underneath the raiment;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of prosthetic internal organs of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the prosthetic thorax of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a preferred embodiment of a prosthetic organ module with wound simulation capabilities;

FIG. 8 is a front view of a module frame of the prosthetic organ module;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the module frame;

FIG. 10 is a front perspective view of a prosthetic lung of the prosthetic organ module;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the prosthetic lung of the prosthetic organ module;

FIG. 12 is a front view of a prosthetic gastrointestinal tract of the prosthetic organ module;

FIG. 13 is a front view of the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract of the prosthetic organ module with an attached prosthetic omentum;

FIG. 14 is a front view of a prosthetic liver formed with a simulated injury of the prosthetic organ module;

FIG. 15 is a back view of the prosthetic liver;

FIG. 16 is a front perspective view of a prosthetic pleural membrane of the prosthetic organ module;

FIG. 17 is a front view of the prosthetic organ module with the prosthetic pleural membrane removed; and

FIG. 18 is a front view of the prosthetic organ module with the prosthetic pleural membrane cut to expose the prosthetic liver with simulated injury.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring initially to FIG. 1, a simulator in accordance with the present invention is shown and designated 13. As shown, a raiment in accordance with the present invention is also shown and designated 10. As shown, the raiment 10 is dimensioned and fitted to cover a person 12 (e.g., person, role player, actor, model). As such, the raiment 10 is a base member of the simulator 13. More specifically, the raiment 10 is intended to be wearable by a person. Accordingly, it is intended to cover the torso of a person 12, and to extend over the shoulders, upper arms, groin area and upper thighs of the person 12. For purposes of this disclosure, the person 12 is shown in FIG. 1 to present these anatomical features. FIG. 1 also indicates that a wound simulator 14 can be used with the raiment 10, and that the raiment 10 can be formed with an orifice 16 from which a blood-like fluid 18 can be expelled. For example, the wound simulator 14 can be used to simulate surface injuries such as burns, scrapes, abrasions, radiation, or the result of internal injuries from punctures and other injuries. Additionally, the wound simulator 14 can be used to simulate penetrating injuries to the internal cavity of the human torso. As further shown in FIG. 1 (and FIGS. 3A and 3B), blood-like fluid 18 may be expelled in various ways (e.g., patches, spots, drops, drips, puddles, ooze spots).

As further shown in FIG. 1, the raiment 10 is made of a layer 20 having an outer surface 24. Preferably, the layer 20 is made of a silicon material that contains nylon fibers. However, other materials may also be used, such as carbon fibers, other composite materials, latex and other rubber materials. In any event, the layer 20 must be sufficiently flexible to allow it to be worn by a person 12 as the person 12 moves to mimic the motions of a severely injured victim of a traumatic event. For this purpose, the outer surface 24 of the raiment 10 is preferably colored and textured to simulate human skin. In alternative embodiments, portions of inner layer 22 may be resin coated to protect the person 12 from being cut, such as by a surgical instrument in simulating trauma events and response to trauma events.

Referring to FIG. 2A, a vest in accordance with the present invention is also shown and designated 11. As shown, vest 11 is dimensioned to fit on the torso of a person 12 underneath the raiment 10. Vest 11 is fitted onto a person 12 by portions 40, 42 and 44 and straps 38 a and 38 b. More specifically, vest 11 has a first portion 40 covering at least part of the chest of a person 12. Portion 40 is akin to a shield. Portion 40 may be used to protect the person 12 in the course of simulating trauma events and responses to trauma events. Accordingly, it may be made of rigid material, such as polyurethane resin or resin coated.

Vest 11 has a second portion 42 attached to the first portion 40 and forms a cavity 34 in the general area between the first and second portions 40, 42. Vest 11 also has third and fourth side portions 44 attached to the first portion 40 and covering at least part of the sides of the torso of a person 12. Portions 44 may be integrated into portion 40, such as being one continuous portion. Portions 44, 42 and 40 may also be integrated together into one piece constituting the major component of vest 11, other than straps 38. Portions 40, 42 and 44 may also be attached by various conventional mechanical means such as adhesives, fasteners, welding, melding and other joiners. Portions 40, 42 and 44 are preferably constructed of composite or plastic material, but other and additional materials may also be used, such as silicon material that contains nylon fibers, carbon fibers, other composite materials and latex and other rubber materials.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, portions 40 and 44 have front and back sides 70, 72. In general, the back sides 72 face towards person 12 and the front sides 70 face away from person 12. As also indicated in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, front side 70 of portions 40 and 42 may be colored or textured to mimic or otherwise resemble the internal cavity of the torso of a body.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, portion 42 is preferably made as an artificial rib cage 32. As such, portion 42, as rib cage 32, is a prosthetic resembling a human rib cage. Portion 42, including as rib cage 32, is positioned against the inner surface 22 of the raiment 10 (see also FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4) to simulate a skeletal structure. As also shown, at least one prosthetic internal organ 36 (e.g., intestine 30) is positioned within the cavity 34 of the vest 11.

The one or more prosthetic internal organs 36 (e.g., intestine 30 as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C; lungs 46, heart 48, stomach 50, kidneys 52, bladder 54, liver 56, diaphragm 60 and spleen 62 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) are attached to vest 11 by fittings, adhesives, fasteners, welding, melding and other joiners. Alternatively, one or more prosthetic internal organ 36 may be positioned within cavity 34 of vest 11 without attachment to vest 11.

As further shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, the vest 11 is intended to cover at least a part of the front of the torso of a person 12 and to fit over the person's shoulders or around the person's neck by straps 38 a and around the torso of the person by straps 38 b. Straps 38 a are secured to portion 40 of vest 11 and may be secured together or to other straps by various well known means (e.g., buckles, ties, Velcro, etc.). Straps 38 b are secured to portion 40 or 44 of vest 11 and may be secured together or to straps 38 a in the same fashion.

The structural aspects of the raiment 10 will be more fully appreciated by referencing FIGS. 3A and 3B. There it will be seen that layer 20 of the raiment 10 has inner surface 22 in addition to an outer surface 24. FIGS. 3A and 3B show that the layer 20 of raiment 10 can be formed with one or more reservoirs 26 for holding the blood-like fluid 18 therein. As shown, reservoirs 26 may be embedded in raiment 10 between inner and outer surfaces 22 and 24 or covered by raiment 10. Reservoirs 26 may constitute any shape, including generally rectangular or circular pockets (over the right chest area of person 12 in FIG. 3A), strand like pockets (over the stomach area of person 12 in FIG. 3A) or separate containers (over the left shoulder of person 12 in FIG. 3A). Reservoirs 26 may be attached to raiment 10 by fluid channels 28. Fluid channels 28 preferably constitute flexible tubing mounted under the outer surface 24 of the raiment 10 and may extend and join to reservoirs 26 proximate to or distant from the raiment 10. Tubing for fluid channels 28 may be of predetermined length. Fluid channels 28 constituting such tubing may be positioned against the inner surface 22 of the raiment 10 with a portion thereof juxtaposed with at least one orifice 16. For example, a fluid channel 28 is provided to connect the reservoir 26 in fluid communication with the orifice 16 for use in simulating a penetrating internal wound. Importantly, the reservoir 26 is positioned so it can be squeezed by a hand of a limb of the person 12 who is wearing the raiment 10. Reservoir 26 may be also positioned to be manipulated by the person 12 wearing the raiment 10 to expel blood like fluid 18 in alternative ways, such as by applying pressure with a limb to the reservoir 26 or by changing the position of person 12. This will then cause a portion of blood-like fluid 18 to be expelled from the reservoir 26 and through the orifice 16 to simulate bleeding. As shown, wound simulator 14 may be further aligned with orifice 16 to further simulate the injury, wound or other trauma event.

As shown further in FIG. 3B, reservoir 26 may be filled with blood like fluid 18 and may further be refillable via conventional means, such as filling fluid 18 into reservoir 26 via the same opening for connection of reservoir 26 to channel 28. Or reservoir 26 may be a separate container or pocket with a separate opening for filling reservoir 26 with fluid 18. As such, reservoir 26 may be used to expel fluid 18 for multiple uses. Reservoirs 26 are also preferably replaceable for multiple uses of simulator 13 to simulate multiple trauma events.

Referring back to FIG. 1, it will be appreciated that wound simulator 14 can be juxtaposed with the orifice 16 to simulate a bleeding abrasion. On the other hand, the orifice 16 can be presented as a puncture wound, substantially as shown in FIG. 1, without a surrounding wound simulator 14. By further example, orifice 16 can also present an opening to the cavity 34 of vest 11 to display and access one or more prosthetic internal human organs 36 during simulation of a penetrating wound to the human body. As intended for the present invention, the orifice 16 and the wound simulator 14 can be located anywhere on the raiment 10, as desired, to simulate a plurality of different wound/injury presentations. Also, the wound simulator 14 can be used alone to simulate gas or liquid agent injuries.

In addition to the superficial wound/injury presentations disclosed above, the present invention also envisions presentations for internal injuries. Specifically, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, it will be seen that the present invention includes various prostheses for use in simulating wounds/injuries that might be received in a trauma event. These prostheses include: a prosthetic intestine 30, a prosthetic rib cage 32, prosthetic lungs 46, a prosthetic heart 48, a prosthetic stomach 50, prosthetic kidneys 52, a prosthetic bladder 54, prosthetic liver 56, prosthetic diaphragm 60 and a prosthetic spleen 62. In detail, for example, the prosthetic intestine 30 is a length of flexible hosing that is made to resemble a real intestine. Such flexible hosing may be used as fluid channel 28 or reservoir 26 to selectively expel blood like fluid 18. Alternatively, fluid channel 28 and reservoir 26 may be selectively attached to the hosing of intestine 30 to simulate bleeding from the intestine 30 during simulation of a trauma event. Similar arrangements can be made with respect to any of the organs 36.

Preferably, the prosthetic internal organs 36 (30, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 60, 62) and rib cage 32 are made from composite, plastic or rubber materials. These prostheses of internal organs 36 (30, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 60, 62) are most preferably made of composite materials such as open or closed cell polyurethane foam of various densities, elasticity, and deformation characteristics to simulate internal organs. Other and additional materials may also be used, such as silicon material that contains nylon fibers, carbon fibers, other composite materials and latex and other rubber materials. The prosthetic rib cage 32 is preferably made from rigid material, such as rigid polyurethane resin material. In use, both the prosthetic rib cage 32 and any desired combination of prosthetic internal organs (30, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 60, 62) are positioned between the body of the person 12 (actor) who is wearing the raiment 10, and the inner surface 22 of the raiment 10 within the cavity 34 of the vest 11.

As shown in FIG. 4, and also in connection with FIGS. 3A and 3B, internal prosthetic organ(s) 36 may be positioned proximate to at least one orifice 16 and at least one fluid reservoir 26 for simulation of a penetrating wound to the human torso. In use, the raiment 10 of the present invention can be used with any combination of superficial wounds/injuries disclosed above. Specifically, there may be a plurality of reservoirs 26, with a corresponding number of orifices 16. Likewise, a plurality of wound simulators 14 can be used.

The prosthetics of organs 36 (i.e. intestine 30, rib cage 32, lungs 46, heart 48, stomach 50, kidneys 52, bladder 54, liver 56, diaphragm 60, spleen 62 (see FIG. 5) and thorax described below may, or may not, be used, as desired. The prosthetic organs 36 may be combined within the cavity 34 in various combinations to simulate wounds and injuries. FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment including a large group or package of organs 36. Further, the prosthetic organs 36 may be combined into such packages and formed to represent certain wounds and injuries. For example, a package may be assembled to simulate injuries to the lungs 46 and heart 48 and another package may be assembled to simulate injuries to the stomach 50 and liver 56. The prosthetic organs 36 and packages of prosthetic organs are interchangeable so that various injury scenarios can be simulated. The wound simulators 14, orifices 16, channels 28 and reservoirs 26 are similarly interchangeable and positionable in alternative arrangements so that various injury scenarios can be simulated. And, as explained above, the positions of the wound simulators 14, orifices 16, channels 28, reservoirs 26 and organs 36 may be selectively juxtaposed to simulate various wounds and injuries. Collectively, the component elements of the present invention are intended to be used to simulate or mimic the various wounds/injuries that are likely to be received by a person involved in a traumatic event.

As shown in FIG. 6, in alternative embodiments, penetrating injuries to the thorax can also be simulated by mounting a prosthetic thorax 80 under or on the raiment 10 in the area of the neck of the person 12. In detail, the prosthetic thorax 80 is held on a bib 81 by retaining straps 82 a and 82 b, and the bib 81 is mounted or fitted around the neck of person 12. For example, bib 81 can have straps, ties, Velcro or other fasteners to secure bib 81 at the back of the neck of person 12. The prosthetic thorax 80 and bib 81 can fit underneath or over raiment 10. Structurally, the prosthetic thorax 80 includes an elongated hollow tube-like member 84 that has an open end 86 and a closed end 88. For use, the tube 84 is presented on the bib 81, and the bib 81 is positioned on the throat of the person 12 with the open end 86 positioned for receipt of a cricothyroid tube (not shown). Thus, the prosthetic thorax 34 can be used for simulating an invasive surgical placement of a cricothyroidotomy. Operationally, the tube-like member 40 is held on the raiment 10 to mimic a thorax, and to present its open end 86 for access thereto with a chest tube during a simulation of a penetrating wound to the thorax. These prostheses can be made of plastic, rubber or composite materials, such as open or closed cell polyurethane foam of various densities, elasticity, and deformation characteristics to simulate internal organs.

Use of the wearable partial task surgical simulator 13 as a teaching aid is accomplished by using the simulator 13 on a person 12 who portrays an injured person in a trauma event. The simulator 13 dynamically simulates the wounds and injuries the person 12 received during the simulated traumatic event. The simulator 13 is set up to simulate a trauma event among various possible scenarios. Simulator 13 allows verbal and gesticular interaction between person 12 wearing the simulator 13 and a first responder (e.g. trainee, trainer, other participant) who is treating the person 12 wearing the simulator 13.

Accordingly, in using the partial task surgical simulator 13 as a teaching aid, the raiment 10 is provided with at least one wound simulator 14 related to the simulated trauma event and at least one fluid reservoir 26 for holding a blood-like fluid 18 and is in fluid communication with at least one orifice 16. The vest 11 is provided on person 12 underneath the raiment 10 and provides simulation of the internal skeletal structure (e.g., rib cage 32) and internal organs (e.g., prosthetic organs 36) of the person 12 simulating injury in the trauma event. Person 12 selectively expels the blood-like fluid 18 from the reservoir 26 and through the orifice 16 to simulate the trauma event. Simulator 13 is used to mimic a penetrating wound by positioning a predetermined length of flexible tubing (e.g., intestine 30 or fluid channel 28) against the inner surface 22 of the raiment 10 with a portion thereof juxtaposed with the orifice 16 of at least one superficial wound. At least one fluid reservoir 26 is attached to a length of flexible tubing (e.g., fluid channel 28) attached to the raiment 10 and reservoir 26 is manipulated to expel blood-like fluid 18. A first responder selectively accesses at least one prosthetic internal human organ 36 in the cavity 34 through at least one orifice 16 of the raiment 10 during simulation of a penetrating wound to the human body. The prosthetic human internal organs 36 are selected from among multiple combinations of prosthetic human internal organs 36 and used in the cavity 34 of the vest 11 to simulate from among various internal organ structure injuries involved in a selected trauma event.

Referring now to FIG. 7, a preferred embodiment of a prosthetic internal organ module is shown and generally designated 100. The prosthetic internal organ module 100 includes a plurality of prosthetic organs that simulates the internal organs of a human including the shape, color, and texture. The prosthetic internal organ module 100 may include all, or some of the internal organs of a human depending on the needs of the simulation. The prosthetic internal organ module 100 includes the capabilities to simulate an internal injury by providing point of contact bleeding simulation. Additionally, each prosthetic internal organ also has its separate capability to simulate an injury.

The prosthetic internal organ module 100 is packaged and dimensioned to fit within the cavity 34 of the vest 11. The prosthetic internal organ module 100 is inserted into the cavity 34 of the vest 11 to provide realistic simulation of human organs with the capabilities of simulating injury. The prosthetic internal organ module 100 is not limited to be used with the simulator only, but may be inserted into any other human simulator with a cavity. It is contemplated that the prosthetic internal organ module 100 may be used independently from the vest 11, and utilizes only the raiment 10. It is also contemplated that the prosthetic internal organ module 100 may be used independently to simulate specific internal injuries without the encumbrances of a simulated skeletal structure.

Referring now to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, a module frame is shown and generally designated 110. The module frame 110 includes a center frame 112 attached to a base 118. In the preferred embodiment, the center frame 112 is a tube simulating the spinal column of a human and the base 118. The center frame 112 is formed with a central lumen 114 (shown in dashed lines). Along the center frame 112 are a plurality of ports 116 that provide access to the central lumen 114 from the outside of the center frame 112. This allows for the passage of a fluid delivery system 120 through the central lumen 114 of the central frame 112 and out the ports 116 to a designated location on the base 118. The use of a tube for the center frame 112 is not meant to be limiting, and it is contemplated that various other types of structures may be used for the center frame 112.

The fluid deliver system 120 includes a plurality of tubing. In the preferred embodiment, the fluid delivery system 120 includes tubing 122 having an inlet 124 and an outlet 126 and tubing 122A having an inlet 124A and an outlet 126A. The tubing 122 and 122A is inserted into the central lumen 114 of the center frame 112 and exits through one of the plurality of ports 116. The outlet 126 and 126A of tubing 122 and 122A, respectively, exits through the corresponding ports 116 and is directed to a designated area of the module frame 110 where an injury is to be simulated. By attaching the inlets 124 and 124A to a source of fluid, fluid may be delivered to the outlets 126 and 126A to simulate an internal bleeding injury. The fluid delivery system 120 is not meant to be limited to two tubes. It is contemplated that the fluid delivery system 120 may have one or more tubes, a network of tubing, a network of tubing and valves, or various other combinations of structures that allow for the delivery of a fluid.

The module frame 110 provides a platform that the prosthetic human organs are attached to. The prosthetic organs may be attached to the base 118 or to the center frame 112 by fasteners, locks, adhesives, or any other similar method. Attached to the back of the base 118 is a plurality of anchors 128. By attaching all of the prosthetic internal organs to the module frame 110, all of the prosthetic organs may be inserted and removed into the cavity 34 of the vest 11 in a single motion. This allows for quick and easy maintenance of the simulator 13 and the prosthetic organs of the prosthetic organ module 100 after a simulation is completed.

Referring now to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, a prosthetic lung is shown and generally designated 130. The prosthetic lung 130 is a three-dimensional frame 131 outlining the shape of a human lung. The three-dimensional frame 131 includes a right member 132 and a left member 134 attached to a bottom member 136. The right member 132 is curved to form the outline of a right lung and the left member 134 is curved to form the outline of a left lung. The bottom member 136 is curved into a semi-circular shape. The three-dimensional frame 131 provides support, and gives shape to a prosthetic pleural membrane 190 (shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 15), which in combination simulates the shape of human lungs. It is contemplated that the prosthetic lungs 130 made be made of an alternative structure, including hollow forms, solid forms, and semi-solid forms to simulate the human lungs. It is also contemplated that the prosthetic lungs 130 may be made of inflatable material, similar to balloon. This prosthetic lung 130 will have a body with a hollow cavity and a valve attached to the body. The prosthetic lung will have the capability of inflating or deflating, thereby simulating a pneumothorax.

Referring now to FIG. 12, a prosthetic gastrointestinal tract is shown and generally designated 140. The prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140 simulates a human gastrointestinal tract and includes a prosthetic esophagus 142, a prosthetic stomach 144, a prosthetic small intestine 146, and a prosthetic large intestine 148. It is contemplated that the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140 may be modified for a particular simulation and may not include all of the various organs associated with a human gastrointestinal tract.

The prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140 is formed with a cavity 150 (not shown) that may extend the entire length, or a portion, of the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140. The prosthetic esophagus 142 has a closed end and the prosthetic large intestine 148 is formed with a valve 152 sealing the cavity 150 of the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140. It is contemplated that the prosthetic esophagus 142 may be fitted with a valve or the prosthetic large intestine 148 may have a closed end. The cavity 150 is capable of holding a fluid. Fluid may be inserted within the cavity 150 through the valve 152. Upon puncturing the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140, the fluid within the cavity 150 will escape simulating a gastrointestinal injury, such as a severed intestine or punctured stomach.

Referring now to FIG. 13, a prosthetic omentum is shown and generally designated 160. The prosthetic omentum includes a base layer 162 with texturing 164 applied to simulate a human omentum. The prosthetic omentum 160 is attached to the prosthetic stomach 144 and is positioned over the prosthetic small intestine 146 and the prosthetic large intestine 148.

Referring now to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, a prosthetic liver is shown and generally designated 170. The prosthetic liver 170 includes a body 172 formed to resemble a human liver. In the preferred embodiment, the body 172 is formed with a simulated injury 174, such as a laceration. Formed within the simulated injury 174 is an orifice 176, which is connected to a tube 180. The tube 180 has an inlet 182 and an outlet 184, where the outlet 184 is connected to the orifice 176. By connecting the inlet 182 of the tube 180 to a source of fluid, fluid may flow through the tube 180 and out the orifice 176 to simulate a bleeding liver injury.

Referring now to FIG. 16, the prosthetic pleural membrane 190 is shown. The prosthetic pleural membrane 190 is a sheet 192 of material having mechanical properties close to a human pleural membrane, in addition to the look and feel. Attached adjacent to the perimeter 194 of the sheet 192 is a plurality of anchors 196 that corresponds with the anchors 128 of the module frame 110. The anchors 196 and 128 attached to each other, allowing the prosthetic pleural membrane to be attached to the module frame 110.

Referring now to FIG. 17 the prosthetic internal organ module 100 is shown assembled without the prosthetic pleural membrane 190. The prosthetic organs are assembled and attached to the module frame 110 in accordance with human anatomy. In FIG. 17, the outlet 126 and 126A of the tubing 122 and 122A, respectively, is positioned to simulate a bleeding chest wound. The inlet 124 and 124A of the tubing 122 and 122A, respectively, is left exposed to allow the connection to a fluid source.

The gastrointestinal tract 140 is attached to the module frame 110, where the prosthetic esophagus 142 is attached to the center frame 142 and the prosthetic stomach 144, the prosthetic small intestine 146, and the prosthetic large intestine 148 is attached to the base 118. A portion of the large intestine 148 extends pass the module frame 110 to allow access to the valve 152. The prosthetic pleural membrane 160 covers the majority of the prosthetic small intestine 146 and prosthetic large intestine 148.

The prosthetic liver 170 is attached to the module frame 110. The tube 180 is then positioned where the inlet 182 is left exposed to allow attachment to a fluid source. This will allow the delivery of fluid to the simulated injury 174 of the prosthetic liver 170 to simulate an injured liver. Alternatively, the tube 180 may be inserted through one of the ports 116 of the center frame 142 and exit the central lumen 114.

The prosthetic lungs 130 are attached to the module frame 110. The synthetic pleural membrane 190 is placed over the assembled prosthetic organs attached to the module frame 110. The three-dimensional frame 131 of the prosthetic lung 130 provides support, and gives shape to the prosthetic pleural membrane 190, which in combination simulates the outline of human lungs. It is contemplated that the prosthetic lungs 130 made be made of an alternative structure, including hollow forms, solid forms, and semi-solid forms to simulate the human lungs. This prosthetic lung 130 will have the capability of inflating or deflating, thereby simulating a pneumothorax.

Referring now to FIG. 18, the prosthetic internal organ module 100 is shown. The prosthetic internal organ module 100 is used independently, outside the cavity of a simulated human torso, to demonstrate a damaged liver. The prosthetic pleural membrane 190 is shown cut, providing an opening to the prosthetic liver 170 with the simulated injury 174 and orifice 176, the source of the bleeding. The prosthetic pleural membrane 190 provides tactile feedback when cut to provide realistic simulation of the operation. Additionally, the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140 has been filled with fluid; therefore a puncture to any portion of the prosthetic gastrointestinal tract 140 will result in the release of the fluid providing visual, textural, and audible cures of the puncture. It is contemplated that the raiment 11 may be placed over the prosthetic internal organ module 100 to simulate a human upper torso. The raiment 11 will be fitted with anchors corresponding with the anchors 128 on the back of the base 118, thereby allowing the raiment to attach to the prosthetic internal organ module 100.

While the particular Wearable Partial Task Surgical Simulator as herein shown and disclosed in detail is fully capable of obtaining the objects and providing the advantages herein before stated, it is to be understood that it is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention and that no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown other than as described in the appended claims. 

I claim:
 1. A prosthetic internal organ module comprising: a module frame having a fluid delivery system; a plurality of prosthetic organs attached to said module frame; and a prosthetic pleural membrane positioned over said plurality of prosthetic organs and attached to said module frame.
 2. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 1, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ comprises a prosthetic gastrointestinal tract having an internal cavity and a valve in fluid communication with said internal valve, said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract attached to said module frame
 3. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 2, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ further comprises a prosthetic omentum attached to said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract.
 4. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 3, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ further comprises a prosthetic liver having a body formed with a simulated injury, an orifice attached to said simulate injury, and a tube attached to said orifice;
 5. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 4, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ further comprises a prosthetic lung.
 6. A prosthetic internal organ module comprising: a module frame having a fluid delivery system; a prosthetic gastrointestinal tract having an internal cavity and a valve in fluid communication with said internal valve, said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract attached to said module frame; a prosthetic omentum attached to said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract; a prosthetic liver having a body formed with a simulated injury, an orifice attached to said simulate injury, and a tube attached to said orifice; a prosthetic lung; and a prosthetic pleural membrane positioned over said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract, said prosthetic omentum, said prosthetic liver, and said prosthetic lung and attached to said module frame.
 7. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 6, wherein said module frame comprises: a base; and a center frame having a central lumen and a plurality of ports connecting the central lumen to the exterior of said center frame, said center frame attached to said base.
 8. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 7, wherein said fluid delivery system comprises at least one tubing with an inlet and an outlet, said at least one tubing is located within the central lumen of said center frame.
 9. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 8, wherein said outlet of said at least one tubing exits from the central lumen through one of said plurality of ports.
 10. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 9, wherein said prosthetic lung comprises a body with an internal cavity and a valve in fluid communication with said internal cavity.
 11. A prosthetic internal organ module dimensioned to fit within a cavity of a simulated human torso comprising: a module frame having a fluid delivery system; a plurality of prosthetic organs attached to said module frame; and a prosthetic pleural membrane positioned over said plurality of prosthetic organs and attached to said module frame.
 12. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 11, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ comprises a prosthetic gastrointestinal tract having an internal cavity and a valve in fluid communication with said internal valve, said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract attached to said module frame
 13. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 12, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ further comprises a prosthetic omentum attached to said prosthetic gastrointestinal tract.
 14. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 13, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ further comprises a prosthetic liver having a body formed with a simulated injury, an orifice attached to said simulate injury, and a tube attached to said orifice;
 15. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 14, wherein said plurality of prosthetic organ further comprises a prosthetic lung.
 16. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 15, wherein said module frame comprises: a base; and a center frame having a central lumen and a plurality of ports connecting the central lumen to the exterior of said center frame, said center frame attached to said base.
 17. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 16, wherein said fluid delivery system comprises at least one tubing with an inlet and an outlet, said at least one tubing is located within the central lumen of said center frame.
 18. The prosthetic internal organ module of claim 17, wherein said outlet of said at least one tubing exits from the central lumen through one of said plurality of ports. 